Section 2 Fire Detection and TV Monitoring System

201. Fire detection systems

1. Installation of fire detection system and manually operated call points are to comply with the following.

(1) Areas of major and moderate fire hazard and other enclosed spaces not regularly occupied with- in public spaces, cabin and accommodation, such as toilets, stairway enclosures, corridors and escape routes as well as wheelhouse, auxiliary machinery spaces of minor fire hazard, cargo spaces, tank compartments and similar spaces are to be provided with an approved automatic smoke detection system and manually operated call points to indicate at the control station the location of outbreak of a fire in all normal operating conditions of the installations. Areas of no fire risk and limited areas of minor fire risk such as void spaces and bathrooms of limited area

within cabins need not to be provided with fire detectors. Rooms with floor area below 4 m

and ceiling area below 6 m are in this context considered to be rooms of limited area.

(2) Detectors operated by heat instead of smoke are to be installed in galleys.

(3) Main propulsion machinery room(s) is to, in addition, have detectors sensing other than smoke.

(4) Manually operated call points are to be installed throughout the public spaces, accommodation, corridors and stairway enclosures, service spaces and where necessary control stations. One man- ually operated call point is to be located at each exit from these spaces and from areas of ma-

jor fire hazard.

2. The fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems are to comply with the following.

(1) General requirements

(A) Any required fixed fire detection and fire alarm system with manually operated call points are to be capable of immediate operation at all times.

(B) As a minimum, an alarm is to immediately sound in the space where a fire detector has been activated and at wheelhouse. This alarm can be an integrated part of the detector or

automatically initiated from the fire detection control unit.

(C) Power supplies and electric circuits necessary for the operation of the system are to be

monitored for loss of power or fault conditions as appropriate. Occurrence of a fault con- dition is to initiate a visual and audible fault signal at the control panel which is to be dis- tinct form a fire signal.

(D) Not less than two sources of power supply for the electrical equipment used in the oper- ation of the fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems, one of which is an emergency source. The supply is to be provided by separate feeders reserved solely for that purpose. Such feeders are to run to an automatic change-over switch situated in, or adjacent to, the control panel for the fire detection system.

(E) Detectors and manually operated call points are to be grouped into sections. The activation of any detector or manually operated call point is to initiate a visual and audible fire signal at the control panel and indicating units. If the signals have not received attention within two minutes, an audible alarm is to be automatically sounded throughout the accommodation and service spaces, control stations and machinery spaces. There is to be no time delay for the audible alarms in accommodation areas when all the control stations are unattended. The alarm sounder system need not be an integral part of the detection system.

(F) The control panel is to be located in the operating compartment or in the main fire control

station.

(G) Indicating units are, as a minimum, to denote the section in which a detector or manually operated call point has operated. At least one unit is to be so located that it is easily ac- cessible to responsible members at all times, when at sea or in port, except when the yacht is out of service. One indicating unit is to be located in the operating compartment if the control panel is located in the space other than the operating compartment.

(H) Clear information is to be displayed on or adjacent to each indicating unit about the spaces covered and the location of the sections.

(I) The fire-detection system individually.

(J) A section of fire detectors

accommodation, corridor or fire hazard.

are to include means of remotely identifying each detector

which covers a control station, a service space, a public space, stairway enclosure is not to include a machinery space of major

(K) Detectors are to be operated by heat, smoke or other products of combustion, flame, or any

combination of these factors. Detectors operated by other factors indicative of incipient fires may be considered by the Society provided that they are no less sensitive than such detectors. Flame detectors are only to be used in addition to smoke or heat detectors.

(L) Suitable instructions and component spares for testing and maintenance are to be provided.

(M) The function of the detection system is to be tested periodically by means of equipment

producing hot air at

appropriate range of

the appropriate temperature, or smoke or aerosol particles having the

density or particle size or other phenomena associated with incipient

fires to which the detector is designed to respond. All detectors are to be of a type such that they can be tested for correct operation and restored to normal surveillance without the

renewal of any component.

(N) The fire detection system is not to be used for any other purpose, except that closing of fire doors and similar functions may be permitted at the control panel.

(O) Fire detection systems with a zone address identification capability are to be so arranged that.

(a) A loop cannot be damaged at more than one point by a fire. These are considered sat- isfied by arranging the loop such that detectors, indicating units and control panel of

each section are grouped in accordance with (1) (E) and (G) will not pass through a space, or a part of a space, covered by a detector more than once.

(b) Means are provided to ensure that any fault (e.g., power break; short circuit; earth) oc- curring in the loop is not to render the whole loop ineffective. This requirements are considered satisfied when a fault occurring in the loop only render ineffective a part of the loop. This part of the loop is not to be larger than a section in a system which is without means of remotely identifying each detector.

(c)

All arrangements are made to enable the initial configuration of the system to be re- stored in the event of failure (electrical, electronic, informatic), and

(d) The first initiated fire alarm is not to prevent any other detector to initiate further fire alarms.

(2) Installation requirements

(A) Manually operated call points are to be readily accessible in the corridors of each deck such that no part of the corridor is more than 20 m from a manually operated call point.

(B) Where a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is required for the protection of spaces other than stairways, corridors and escape routes, at least one detector complying with (1),

(K) is to be installed in each such space.

(C) Detectors are to be located for optimum performance. Positions near beams and ventilation ducts or other positions where patterns of air flow could adversely affect performance and positions where impact or physical damage is likely are to be avoided. In general, detectors

which are located on the overhead are to be a minimum distance of 0.5 m away from

bulkheads.

(D) The maximum spacing of detectors is to be in accordance with the table below.

The Society may require or permit other spacings based upon test data which demonstrate the characteristics of the detectors.

(E) Electrical wiring which forms part of the system is to be so arranged as to avoid machinery spaces of major fire hazard, and other enclosed spaces of major fire hazard except, where it

is necessary, to provide for fire detection of fire alarm in such spaces or to connect to the

appropriate power supply.

(3) Design requirements

(A) The system and equipment is to be suitably designed to withstand supply voltage variation

and transients, ambient temperature changes, vibration, humidity, shock, impact and corrosion normally encountered in yachts.

(B) Smoke detectors required by (2) (B) above are to be certified to operate before the smoke

density exceeds 12.5 % obscuration per meter, but not until the smoke density exceeds 2 % obscuration per meter. Smoke detectors to be installed in other spaces are to operate within sensitivity limits to the satisfaction of the Society having regard to the avoidance of detector insensitivity or oversensitivity.

(C) Heat detectors are to be certified to operate before the temperature exceeds 78℃ but not until the temperature exceeds 54℃, when the temperature is raised to those limits at a rate less than 1℃ per minute. At higher rates of temperature rise, the heat detector is to operate

within temperature limits, having regard for the avoidance of detector insensitivity or

over-sensitivity.

(D) The permissible temperature for the operation of heat detectors may be increased to 30℃

above the maximum deckhead temperature in drying rooms and similar spaces of a normal

high ambient temperature.

(E) Flame detectors referred to in (1) (K) are to have a sensitivity sufficient to determine flame against an illuminated space background and a false signal identification system.

3. A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system for periodically unattended machinery spaces (including machinery spaces in which watchkeeping personnel is not in place continuously or in which person- nel location is impossible due to narrow structures under the Society's consideration, hereinafter the same applies) is to comply with the following.

(1) The fire detection system is to be so designed, and the detectors so positioned as to detect rap- idly the onset of fire in any part of those spaces and under any normal conditions of operation of the machinery and variations of ventilation as required by the possible range of ambient temperatures. Except in spaces of restricted height, and where their use is especially appropriate, detection system using only thermal detectors is not to be permitted. The detection system is to initiate audible and visual alarms distinct in both respects from the alarms of any other system not indicating fire, in sufficient places to ensure that the alarms are heard and observed on the navigating bridge and by a responsible engineer officer. When the operating compartment is un- manned, the alarm is to sound in a place where a responsible member of the crew is on duty.

(2) After installation, the system is to be tested under varying conditions of engine operation and ventilation.